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Parasympathetic nervous system dysfunction in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
A Hocevar1, M Tomsic, S Praprotnik
1Department of Rheumatology, Medical Centre Ljubljana, SI 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
|July 16, 2003
Summary
Sicca syndromes, including Sjögren's syndrome, are now understood to involve more than just glandular destruction. Cytokines, autoantibodies, and nervous system dysfunction play key roles in dry mouth and eyes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Historically, sicca syndromes were solely attributed to glandular tissue destruction.
- Emerging research indicates a multifactorial etiology for these conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the complex pathophysiology of sicca syndromes, specifically Sjögren's syndrome.
- To highlight the roles of immune and neural factors in xerostomia and xerophthalmia.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on Sjögren's syndrome pathogenesis.
- Analysis of the interplay between cytokines, autoantibodies, and the nervous system.
Main Results:
- Cytokines are implicated in the inflammatory processes of Sjögren's syndrome.
- Autoantibodies contribute to the autoimmune attack on glandular tissues.
- Parasympathetic nervous system dysfunction significantly impacts salivary and lacrimal gland function.
Conclusions:
- The understanding of sicca syndromes has evolved beyond simple glandular damage.
- Immune and neurological pathways are critical contributors to xerostomia and xerophthalmia in Sjögren's syndrome.