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Related Experiment Videos

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: an overview.

Dimitris A Kafetzis1, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Christos Costalos

  • 1University of Athens, Second Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Greece. kafetzis@ath.forthnet.gr

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|July 16, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe condition in premature infants. Early diagnosis and novel preventive strategies, including probiotics and advanced imaging, show promise for improving survival rates in affected neonates.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric surgery

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant cause of mortality in premature infants, with unclear etiology.
  • Affects up to 28% of very low birthweight infants, posing a major clinical challenge.
  • Current management and research focus on improving outcomes for affected neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic tools and preventive strategies for necrotizing enterocolitis.
  • To explore recent advances in the management of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates.
  • To stimulate further research into the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic techniques including imaging (radiography, ultrasonography, MRI), gastrointestinal tonometry, biochemical markers, and breath analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of emerging preventive strategies such as enhanced platelet-activating factor acetyl hydrolase activity, receptor antagonists, and probiotics (Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus).
  • Assessment of novel treatment options, including oxygenated perfluorocarbon.

    • Main Results:

    • Various diagnostic methods are available, offering potential for earlier detection of necrotizing enterocolitis.
    • Promising preventive strategies include specific probiotics and interventions targeting platelet-activating factor.
    • Oxygenated perfluorocarbon represents a new therapeutic option for necrotizing enterocolitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Early diagnosis and prevention are crucial for combating necrotizing enterocolitis.
    • Clinical and experimental advances presented aim to enhance survival rates for infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.
    • Continued research is essential to further improve the management of this devastating neonatal disease.