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Related Concept Videos

Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Lanthanide double-decker complexes functioning as magnets at the single-molecular level.

Naoto Ishikawa1, Miki Sugita, Tadahiko Ishikawa

  • 1Department of Chemistry,Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan. ishikawa@chem.titech.ac.jp

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Double-decker phthalocyanine complexes with lanthanide ions exhibit slow magnetization relaxation at high temperatures, outperforming traditional single-molecule magnets (SMMs). This advancement stems from unique relaxation mechanisms and ligand field effects, paving the way for novel magnetic materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are crucial for developing high-density data storage and quantum computing.
  • Lanthanide complexes offer potential for high-performance SMMs due to their large magnetic moments and tunable electronic structures.
  • Understanding relaxation mechanisms is key to designing efficient SMMs that operate at higher temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the magnetic properties of double-decker phthalocyanine complexes containing Tb3+ or Dy3+ ions.
  • To explore the potential of these complexes as high-temperature single-molecule magnets.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind the observed slow magnetization relaxation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of double-decker phthalocyanine complexes incorporating Tb3+ and Dy3+.
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements (DC and AC) to probe magnetic behavior.
  • Analysis of magnetization relaxation dynamics and temperature-dependent behavior.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized Tb3+ and Dy3+ double-decker phthalocyanine complexes exhibit slow magnetization relaxation, a characteristic of SMMs.
  • This slow relaxation occurs at significantly higher temperatures compared to conventional transition-metal-cluster SMMs.
  • The observed high-temperature behavior is attributed to a distinct relaxation mechanism involving the ligand field around the lanthanide ion.

Conclusions:

  • Double-decker phthalocyanine complexes with Tb3+ or Dy3+ represent a promising class of high-temperature single-molecule magnets.
  • The ligand field plays a critical role in establishing a large energy barrier for magnetic moment reversal.
  • These findings open new avenues for designing advanced molecular magnetic materials with potential applications in nanotechnology.