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Related Experiment Videos

Load compensation in human masseter muscles.

Y Lamarre, J P Lund

    The Journal of Physiology
    |December 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Human jaw muscles quickly adjust to changing loads. Jaw-closing muscles show rapid, monosynaptic responses to load changes, aiding movement control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Neurophysiology
    • Human Motor Control

    Background:

    • Jaw muscles play a crucial role in mastication and speech.
    • Understanding the neural control of jaw movements is essential for diagnosing and treating orofacial disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the electromyographic (e.m.g.) responses of human masseter and digastric muscles to alterations in mechanical load during jaw movement.
    • To determine the latency and nature (monosynaptic or polysynaptic) of these responses.

    Main Methods:

    • Electromyography (e.m.g.) was used to record muscle activity in human volunteers.
    • Sudden mechanical loads were applied during voluntary jaw clenching and unloading.
    • Muscle responses were analyzed for latency and amplitude changes.

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    Main Results:

    • Rapid jaw-closing muscle stretch evoked a monosynaptic jaw-jerk reflex (e.m.g. response) within 6-8 msec.
    • Increased e.m.g. activity in the masseter muscle occurred 5-10 msec after load application during voluntary closure.
    • Jaw-opening digastric muscles showed a delayed, non-monosynaptic response (24-34 msec) to loading.

    Conclusions:

    • Monosynaptic electromyographic changes are a key component of the load compensation system in human jaw-closing muscles.
    • Jaw-opening muscles exhibit different, slower response characteristics to load changes.