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Related Experiment Videos

Current trends in typhoid Fever.

Nancy F Crum1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Investigation Department (KCA), Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, Suite 5, San Diego, CA 92134-1005. nfcrum@nmcsd.med.navy.mil

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|July 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Typhoid fever, a serious infection from Salmonella typhi, is rare in the US but common globally. Diagnosis relies on history and culture, with treatment considering rising antimicrobial resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serotype typhi, is a significant global health concern.
  • While rare in the US, most cases are linked to travel in endemic regions like the Indian subcontinent, Africa, Asia, or Latin America.
  • Classic clinical signs are often absent, complicating early diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of typhoid fever.
  • To highlight challenges in diagnosis and the impact of antimicrobial resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Salmonella typhi infections.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment guidelines.

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  • Discussion of emerging resistance patterns and preventive measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Typhoid fever presents with varied gastrointestinal symptoms, including pain, bleeding, and perforation.
    • Blood or bone marrow cultures are standard for diagnosis, though novel methods are emerging.
    • Multidrug resistance is a growing global issue, influencing treatment choices.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion, appropriate history, and microbiological confirmation.
    • Antimicrobial therapy must account for regional resistance patterns, with fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, or azithromycin as options.
    • Prevention involves sanitation, safe food handling, and targeted vaccination strategies.