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Measles outbreak in Dublin, 2000.

Jacqueline McBrien1, John Murphy, Denis Gill

  • 1Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. jacquelinemcbrien@eircom.net

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|July 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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A 2000 measles outbreak in Ireland, primarily in North Dublin, led to 111 hospital admissions and 3 deaths. Low measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination rates fueled the epidemic, highlighting the need for improved immunization coverage.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • A significant measles outbreak occurred in Ireland from December 1999 to July 2000.
  • The majority of cases were concentrated in North Dublin, impacting The Children's University Hospital (TCUH).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of measles cases during the 2000 outbreak in Ireland.
  • To assess the impact of the outbreak on hospital admissions and identify risk factors.
  • To evaluate the role of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination rates in the outbreak's spread.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective data collection for 111 children admitted to TCUH with measles.
  • Review of patient charts for epidemiological and clinical details.
  • Utilization of national surveillance data from the National Disease Surveillance Centre.

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Main Results:

  • 355 children presented to TCUH with measles, 111 were admitted (47% female, 53% male).
  • Primary admission reasons included dehydration (79%), pneumonia/pneumonitis (47%), and tracheitis (32%).
  • 11.7% of admitted children required intensive care, with 7 needing mechanical ventilation; 3 deaths occurred.

Conclusions:

  • The measles outbreak presented a substantial challenge to healthcare services and the community.
  • Suboptimal measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization rates (79% nationally, <70% in North Dublin) contributed significantly to the outbreak.
  • Three child deaths resulted from this vaccine-preventable disease, underscoring the critical importance of high vaccination coverage.