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Related Experiment Videos

Tics.

Tamara Pringsheim1, William Jeptha Davenport, Anthony Lang

  • 1Neurology Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada. tamara.pringsheim@utoronto.ca

Current Opinion in Neurology
|July 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Tourette syndrome often co-occurs with ADHD and other disorders. Stimulant medications are safe for children with both conditions, and various treatments exist for persistent tics.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Tourette syndrome is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents.
  • It is frequently associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on Tourette syndrome and related disorders.
  • To inform clinicians about current understanding and treatment options.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies.
  • Analysis of findings from neuroimaging and clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Established association between Tourette syndrome, ADHD, and OCD.
  • Implicated autoimmune and genetic mechanisms in pathophysiology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Neuroimaging reveals basal ganglia and frontal lobe white matter abnormalities.
  • Dopaminergic activity alterations noted.
  • Stimulant use in comorbid ADHD and Tourette syndrome does not worsen tics.
  • Effective treatments include neuroleptics, alpha-2-adrenergic agonists, clonidine, risperidone, and desipramine.

    • Conclusions:

    • Clinicians can confidently use stimulant medications for children with comorbid ADHD and Tourette syndrome.
    • Transient tics are common and usually non-disabling.
    • Persistent tics can be associated with behavioral disorders impacting school and psychosocial functioning.
    • Multiple therapeutic options are available for persistent tics.