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Plant-derived triterpenoids as potential antineoplastic agents.

W N Setzer1, M C Setzer

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA. wsetzer@chemistry.uah.edu

Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
|July 23, 2003
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Phytochemicals from plants, particularly triterpenoids, offer promising leads for new cancer drugs. This review highlights recent advances in plant-derived antineoplastic compounds, excluding saponins.

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Area of Science:

  • Ethnobotany
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Plants have historically served as a source of medicinal compounds.
  • Phytochemicals are increasingly vital in developing treatments for antibiotic resistance, emerging diseases, and cancers.
  • Triterpenoids are a class of plant-derived compounds showing significant potential as antineoplastic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in antineoplastic and cytotoxic triterpenoids derived from higher plants.
  • To focus on specific triterpenoid classes, excluding saponins, with demonstrated anti-proliferative activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Focus on studies investigating triterpenoids from higher plants.
  • Exclusion of research on saponins.

Main Results:

  • Various triterpenoid subclasses, including cycloartanes, lupanes, ursanes, oleananes, friedelanes (especially quinone methides), dammaranes, cucurbitacins, and limonoids, exhibit anti-proliferative effects.
  • These compounds show promise as structural leads for the chemotherapeutic industry.
  • Recent research continues to uncover novel antineoplastic activities of these plant-derived molecules.

Conclusions:

  • Triterpenoids from higher plants, excluding saponins, represent a valuable resource for novel anticancer drug discovery.
  • Further research into these phytochemicals can yield new chemotherapeutic agents to combat cancer.