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[Cutaneous Histoplasmosis and AIDS].

Miguel Reyes1, Luis Roberto Arenas, Patricia Pichardo

  • 1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, México, D.F. careyes@yahoo.com.mx

Gaceta Medica De Mexico
|July 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Histoplasmosis, a fungal infection, can manifest with skin lesions, particularly in individuals with AIDS. Early diagnosis and treatment with amphotericin B led to successful outcomes in three male patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Histoplasmosis is typically a pulmonary infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.
  • Cutaneous manifestations occur in 10-17% of cases, with a higher prevalence noted in Mexico.
  • Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a significant risk factor for disseminated histoplasmosis.

Observation:

  • Three male patients diagnosed with AIDS presented with fever, lymphadenopathy, and weight loss.
  • Clinical presentations included lingual ulcers and disseminated erythemato-violaceus plaques, papular, and fistular skin lesions.
  • Histopathologic examination revealed granulomatous lesions consistent with fungal infection.

Findings:

  • Histoplasma capsulatum was successfully isolated from cultures in all three cases.

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  • All patients received treatment with amphotericin B, achieving a cumulative dose of 1.5 gm.
  • Successful resolution of clinical skin lesions and overall recovery were observed post-treatment.

    • Implications:

    • This case series highlights the importance of recognizing mucocutaneous lesions in diagnosing disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients.
    • Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment with amphotericin B are crucial for managing severe cases of histoplasmosis.
    • Further research into the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of histoplasmosis in immunocompromised populations is warranted.