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Related Experiment Videos

DSM-oriented and empirically based approaches to constructing scales from the same item pools.

Thomas M Achenbach1, Levent Dumenci, Leslie A Rescorla

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, USA. Thomas.Achenbach@uvm.edu

Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology : the Official Journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
|July 26, 2003
PubMed
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This study developed two types of scales for assessing child behavioral and emotional problems: DSM-oriented and empirically based. Both scale types demonstrated similar psychometric properties and strong associations, aiding in psychopathology research and assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Accurate assessment of behavioral and emotional problems in children is crucial.
  • Existing assessment methods may rely on either expert-driven (top-down) or data-driven (bottom-up) approaches.
  • Integrating these approaches can enhance the understanding of psychopathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct and compare "top-down" Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-oriented scales with "bottom-up" empirically based syndromes.
  • To evaluate the psychometric properties and associations between these two scale types for child behavioral and emotional problems.
  • To assess the utility of these scales in facilitating individual assessment and research.

Main Methods:

  • Developed DSM-oriented scales based on expert ratings of item consistency with DSM-IV categories.

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  • Constructed empirically based syndromes using factor analyses of parent, caregiver, teacher, and self-ratings from a large national sample (N = 14853) for two age groups (1.5-5 and 6-18 years).
  • Scored both scale types from the same assessment instruments and normed them on national samples.

    • Main Results:

    • Both DSM-oriented and empirically based scales were derived from the same assessment instruments.
    • Psychometric properties were found to be similar across both types of scales.
    • Medium to strong associations were observed between counterpart DSM-oriented and empirically based scales.

    Conclusions:

    • Quantified, normed DSM-oriented and empirically based scales derived from the same instruments offer a valuable tool for assessing individuals.
    • These scales can enhance statistical analyses for research purposes in psychopathology.
    • The integration of top-down and bottom-up approaches through these scales facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of psychopathology constructs.