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Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: MR imaging evaluation using current techniques.
Maria Antonietta Mosetti1, Polytimi Leonardou, Tomofumi Motohara
1Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7510, USA.
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|July 29, 2003
Summary
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) shows widespread kidney cysts on MR imaging, often with hemorrhage. The liver is also frequently affected, and large cysts can cause pain.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Nephrology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common genetic disorder.
- Kidney cyst development is a hallmark of ADPKD.
- MR imaging is a key modality for evaluating ADPKD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the MR imaging findings of ADPKD.
- To assess the spectrum of cystic involvement in kidneys and other abdominal organs.
- To explore associations between cyst size and symptoms, and co-existing diseases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of MR imaging studies over five years.
- Inclusion of 30 patients diagnosed with ADPKD.
- Utilized T2-weighted and pre/post-gadolinium enhanced gradient-echo MR sequences.
Main Results:
- All kidneys exhibited multiple, variable-sized cysts, with hemorrhage present in all cases.
- Liver involvement was observed in 73% of patients; pancreas and spleen involvement were less common.
- Giant renal cysts (>8 cm) and massive liver cysts were associated with abdominal pain.
Conclusions:
- MR imaging reveals extensive cystic disease in kidneys and frequently in the liver in ADPKD patients.
- Hemorrhage within renal cysts is a consistent finding.
- Large cysts in the kidneys and liver correlate with abdominal pain.