[Leptin--the metabolic signal from adipose tissue]

Leptin is a hormone that is released mainly by adipocytes. One of the roles of leptin in animals is regulation of the energy balance by decreasing food intake and increasing energy expenditure. Beyond this function, it influences sexual and reproductive system development. Much evidence suggests that leptin plays the same roles in human beings. It is also believed that this hormone takes part in the regulation of hematopoietic, endocrine (other than reproductive) and sympathetic system functioning, and is involved in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and diabetes. This brief overview focuses on the history of leptin discovery, regulation of circulating leptin levels, and physiological role (scientifically proved and being under research). The use of recombinant leptin in patients with obesity is mentioned.