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[Fluorocarbon emulsions as injectable oxygen carriers. Recent progress and perspectives]
1Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche Associée au CNRS, Université de Nice.
Summary
Fluorocarbon emulsions act as injectable oxygen carriers, delivering over 90% of transported oxygen. Newer generations offer improved efficacy and stability for various medical applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Development of injectable oxygen carriers (blood substitutes) using fluorocarbon emulsions.
- Oxygen transport relies on dissolved gas, with capacity increased by higher oxygen partial pressure.
- Fluorocarbons are chemically inert, excreted via exhalation, and not metabolized.
Purpose:
- To summarize the development and efficacy of fluorocarbon emulsions as oxygen carriers.
- To compare first-generation (Fluosol) and second-generation (Oxygent) emulsions.
- To outline current research directions for improving fluorocarbon emulsion characteristics.
Summary:
- Oxygen is dissolved in fluorocarbon droplets, enabling high oxygen delivery (over 90%) due to the absence of chemical bonds.
- First-generation emulsions (Fluosol) had limited efficacy, stability, and persistence, requiring frozen storage.
- Second-generation emulsions (Oxygent) are more concentrated, stable, and ready for use, with shorter organ-retention times.
Impact:
- Fluorocarbon emulsions show potential in applications like perioperative hemodilution, ischemia, and organ preservation.
- Clinical trials indicate mild side effects manageable with prophylactic treatments.
- Ongoing research focuses on enhancing intravascular persistence, stability, and minimizing side effects for specific indications.