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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Quantification of Mouse Heart Left Ventricular Function, Myocardial Strain, and Hemodynamic Forces by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Longitudinal strain quantitates regional right ventricular contractile function.

Fadi Jamal1, Cyrille Bergerot, Laurent Argaud

  • 1E0226, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, and Louis Pradel Hospital, Claude Bernard Lyon-I University, 69394 Lyon Cedex 03, France. fadi.jamal@chu-lyon.fr

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|August 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Doppler imaging methods accurately assess right ventricular (RV) contractile function. These techniques quantify regional RV function, aiding clinical assessments of this complex cardiac chamber.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Assessing right ventricular (RV) contractile function is clinically vital but challenging due to complex RV anatomy.
  • Standard methods for evaluating RV function are often limited in their ability to capture regional performance.
  • Novel echocardiographic techniques may offer improved quantification of RV contractility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utility of Doppler-derived myocardial deformation indices for quantifying regional RV contractile function.
  • To assess RV function under varying loading conditions using these novel echocardiographic parameters.
  • To compare Doppler-derived measurements with sonomicrometry for validation.

Main Methods:

  • Nine pigs underwent sonomicrometry crystal implantation in the RV inflow and outflow tracts.
  • Regional RV function was assessed using echocardiography, measuring systolic strain (SS) and peak systolic strain rate (SR).
  • Measurements were taken at baseline and during pulmonary artery constriction (PAC) and inferior vena cava occlusion (IVCO).

Main Results:

  • Systolic strain (SS) significantly decreased in RV segments during PAC and IVCO.
  • Strain rate (SR) showed less sensitivity to loading variations compared to SS.
  • Doppler-derived SS correlated significantly with sonomicrometry measurements (r = 0.84, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Regional strain and strain rate provide complementary insights into heterogeneous RV contractile function.
  • Doppler myocardial imaging offers an accurate and noninvasive method for quantifying regional RV function.
  • These findings support the use of advanced echocardiographic techniques for improved RV assessment.