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Integrated environmental impact assessment: a Canadian example.

Roy E Kwiatkowski1, Maria Ooi

  • 1Office of Environmental Health Assessment, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. roy_kwiatkowski@hs-sc.gc.ca

Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|August 2, 2003
PubMed
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This study demonstrates how integrating traditional knowledge into environmental impact assessments (EIA) for Canadian diamond mining projects ensures sustainable development by addressing community and environmental needs.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Social Science
  • Indigenous Studies

Background:

  • Canadian federal environmental impact assessment (EIA) integrates health, social, and environmental factors.
  • The severity of potential adverse effects determines the assessment level: screening, comprehensive study, or public panel review.
  • A diamond mining project in Canada's North, with 50% Aboriginal population, underwent a Public Review Panel assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the integration of traditional knowledge into the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process for a Canadian diamond mining project.
  • To ensure the project considered the health, social, environmental, and economic aspects relevant to the local Aboriginal population.
  • To achieve sustainable development goals by coordinating stakeholder concerns and future needs.

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Main Methods:

  • A Public Review Panel mandated the incorporation of traditional knowledge into baseline data collection, impact prediction, and mitigation/monitoring planning.
  • The mining company was required to address a comprehensive list of socio-economic and environmental factors in its EIA.
  • Cooperative efforts involved government, industry, and the local community.

Main Results:

  • Traditional knowledge was incorporated into various stages of the EIA process.
  • The project considered a wide range of factors including health, demographics, socio-cultural patterns, economy, land use, and employment.
  • Mitigation measures addressed income, social support, education, employment, physical environment, health practices, and health services.

Conclusions:

  • The collaborative approach successfully integrated diverse stakeholder concerns, meeting sustainable development objectives.
  • Incorporating traditional knowledge is crucial for effective environmental impact assessment in Indigenous territories.
  • Mitigation strategies were comprehensive, addressing multiple determinants of health and well-being.