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Risk factors for aortic atherosclerosis determined by transesophageal echocardiography in patients with CRF

Yrjö Leskinen1, Kaj Groundstroem, Vesa Virtanen

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. yrjo.leskinen@uta.fi

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|August 6, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease risk factors like hypertension and high cholesterol contribute to atherosclerosis in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. This study identified key factors in predialysis, dialysis, and transplant patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant risk in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients, but the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear.
  • The high prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors or CRF-specific factors may contribute to this increased risk.
  • This study investigated risk factors for thoracic aortic atherosclerosis in a diverse CRF patient population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the risk factors associated with thoracic aortic atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).
  • To identify specific factors contributing to atherosclerosis in predialysis, dialysis, and renal transplant recipients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional study involving 118 patients with varying stages of CRF.
  • Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was utilized to assess large aortic plaques (LAPs).
  • Data analysis included univariate and multivariate assessments of associated risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Large aortic plaques (LAPs) were detected in 33% of the CRF patients.
  • Univariate analysis revealed associations between LAPs and age, hypertension duration, pulse pressure, low diastolic blood pressure, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and renal replacement therapy duration.
  • Multivariate analysis identified age, hypertension duration, and total cholesterol level as significant independent predictors of LAPs.

Conclusions:

  • Hypercholesterolemia, alongside hypertension duration and renal disease, plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis in CRF patients.
  • These findings highlight the importance of managing cholesterol levels in this high-risk population.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex interplay of risk factors in CRF-associated atherosclerosis.
Abstract

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