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Abstraction and natural language semantics.

Daniel Kayser1

  • 1Laboratoire d'Informatique de Paris-Nord, UMR 7030 du CNRS, Institut Galilée, Université Paris-Nord, 99 Avenue Jean-Baptiste Clément, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France. daniel.kayser@lipn.univ-paris13.fr

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|August 9, 2003
PubMed
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This study proposes a new semantic theory where words derive meaning from action rules, not just object features. This inference-based approach better explains complex linguistic phenomena like polysemy and plurals.

Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Language
  • Cognitive Science
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Traditional semantics posits words denote object classes via shared features.
  • This abstraction model faces challenges with complex linguistic patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an alternative semantic theory based on inference and action rules.
  • To demonstrate the limitations of traditional reference-based semantics.
  • To analyze systematic polysemy and plurals within the new framework.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of semantic theories.
  • Argumentation for inference as the core of semantics.
  • Examination of systematic polysemy and plural phenomena.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Words are abstractions of common premises in action-governing rules.
  • Inference-based semantics offers a more robust explanation for linguistic data.
  • Systematic polysemy and plurals are better understood through this new lens.

Conclusions:

  • A shift from reference to inference is crucial for semantic understanding.
  • The proposed theory provides a novel framework for analyzing word meaning.
  • This approach enhances our comprehension of complex linguistic structures.