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Data Acquisition and Analysis In Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry In Mice
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A morphometric analysis of auditory brain regions in congenitally deaf adults.

Karen Emmorey1, John S Allen, Joel Bruss

  • 1Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. emmorey@salk.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 9, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Congenital deafness alters auditory cortex structure, showing reduced white matter and less myelination in deaf individuals. However, leftward brain asymmetries in auditory regions are present regardless of hearing experience.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Auditory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Auditory experience during development is crucial for brain maturation.
  • The impact of congenital deafness on the macroscopic neuroanatomy of auditory cortices remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how variations in auditory experience affect the neuroanatomy of human primary and auditory association cortices.
  • To determine if congenital deafness leads to structural changes in key auditory brain regions.

Main Methods:

  • Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analysis.
  • Comparison of gray and white matter volumes in the temporal lobe, superior temporal gyrus, Heschl's gyrus (HG), and planum temporale.
  • Matched cohort study of 25 congenitally deaf and 25 hearing subjects.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in total or gray matter volume of Heschl's gyrus (HG) between deaf and hearing groups.
  • Deaf subjects exhibited significantly less white matter and higher gray matter-to-white matter ratios in HG and the superior temporal gyrus.
  • Leftward hemispheric asymmetries in HG and planum temporale volumes were observed in both deaf and hearing groups.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory deprivation from birth is associated with reduced white matter, potentially indicating less myelination or fewer neural connections in auditory cortices.
  • Structural asymmetries in auditory cortices are not solely dependent on auditory experience, suggesting innate developmental processes.
  • Primary auditory cortex (HG) volume is resilient to auditory deafferentation in humans.