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Long-term flashbulb memory for learning of Princess Diana's death
Susan L Hornstein1, Alan S Brown, Neil W Mulligan
1Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0442, USA.
Memory (Hove, England)
|August 12, 2003
Summary
Flashbulb memories of Princess Diana's death remained accurate over 18 months. Emotional intensity and rehearsal influenced memory accuracy, with early testing showing no impact on later recall.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Memory Studies
Background:
- Flashbulb memories are vivid recollections of learning about shocking events.
- Previous research suggests memory accuracy may decline over time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the long-term accuracy of flashbulb memories.
- To examine the effect of repeated testing on memory accuracy.
- To explore factors influencing flashbulb memory accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Participants completed a questionnaire about Princess Diana's death one week after the event.
- Memory accuracy was assessed through retests at 3 and 18 months.
- Consistency of responses across delays defined memory accuracy.
Main Results:
- Participant descriptions of learning about Princess Diana's death remained accurate at 3 and 18 months.
- Early testing at 3 months did not affect accuracy at 18 months.
- Higher emotional intensity and increased rehearsal were linked to greater accuracy.
Conclusions:
- Flashbulb memories regarding Princess Diana's death demonstrated remarkable long-term accuracy.
- The study supports the role of emotional intensity and rehearsal in memory persistence.
- Repeated testing does not appear to compromise the accuracy of flashbulb memories.