Mandibular premolar with three root canals--two case reports
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Updated: Oct 23, 2026
07:26
Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
International Endodontic Journal
|September 1, 1992
Abstract:
The presence of three root canals in the mandibular premolar may sometimes be recognized when there is persistent postoperative discomfort following root canal therapy. This paper presents two cases of root canal treatment of mandibular premolars with three root canals including one mandibular first premolar and one mandibular second premolar. The possibility that there is more than one root canal in lower premolar teeth must be considered in the radiographic and clinical examination during root canal treatment.
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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
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The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.