Canine distemper virus infection in a masked palm civet (Paguma larvata)

A free-living masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) died after exhibiting signs of canine distemper (CD). The microscopic lesions consisted of cytoplasmic and intranuclear eosinophilic inclusion bodies, bronchointerstitial pneumonia, non-purulent encephalitis accompanied by demyelination and lymphocytic depletion in various lymphoid tissues. CD virus-specific antigens were demonstrated immunohistochemically in intracellular eosinophilic inclusions, which were ultrastructurally confirmed to be viral nucleocapsids. From these findings, the present case was diagnosed as CD virus infection in a masked palm civet.