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Operative management of carotid artery in-stent restenosis: first experiences and duplex follow-up
G J de Borst1, R G A Ackerstaff, H W Mauser
1Department of Vascular Surgery, St Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, 3430 EM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Objectives:
Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS) may be comparable to Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) as a durable and effective procedure in stroke prevention. Concern remains about the incidence of restenosis after stenting and its management. We evaluated the surgical management of restenosis after CAS.
Design:
prospective study.
Methods:
between December 1997 and April 2001, 217 CAS procedures were performed in 217 patients (155 men and 62 women; age 70 years +/- 8.2). After a mean of 8 months post-stenting four patients (two symptomatic, two asymptomatic with contralateral occlusion) with severe haemodynamic in-stent restenosis (90-99%) had surgical reintervention.
Results:
standard CEA with removal of the stent was performed in all four patients. No major complications occurred. Intima hyperplasia showed to be the predominant mechanism leading to in-stent restenosis. All four surgically treated patients remained asymptomatic and without recurrent restenosis over a mean follow-up time of 13 months (range 3-20 months).
Conclusion:
the optimal treatment of in-stent restenosis has yet to be defined, but standard CEA with removement of the stent appears to be feasible.