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Related Experiment Videos

Oral sumatriptan for acute migraine.

D C McCrory1, R N Gray

  • 1Center for Clinical Health Policy Research, Duke University, 2200 W. Main Street, Suite 220, Durham, NC 27705, USA.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|August 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Oral sumatriptan effectively treats acute migraine attacks, providing significant pain relief and improved function. While generally well-tolerated, minor side effects can occur, with higher doses showing increased incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Migraine is a common neurovascular disorder causing disabling headaches and autonomic dysfunction.
  • Sumatriptan, a selective serotonin 5-HT1B/1D agonist, is used to treat acute migraine attacks.
  • Its mechanism involves cranial vasoconstriction and neural inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy and tolerability of oral sumatriptan for acute migraine attacks in adults.
  • Evidence was gathered from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Main Methods:

  • Searched Cochrane Central Register, MEDLINE, and reference lists.
  • Included double-blind RCTs comparing oral sumatriptan (25-100 mg) with placebo or other treatments.
  • Assessed pain-free response, headache relief, functional disability, recurrence, and adverse events.

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-five RCTs with 16,200 participants were analyzed.
  • Sumatriptan (100 mg and 25 mg) significantly improved pain-free response, headache relief, and functional disability at 2 hours compared to placebo.
  • The 100-mg dose showed a higher incidence of adverse events (NNH=7.1) than placebo.

Conclusions:

  • Oral sumatriptan is an effective treatment for acute migraine attacks.
  • The drug is generally well-tolerated, with minor adverse events being common.
  • Other triptans show similar efficacy and side effect profiles; ergotamine + caffeine is less effective.