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Related Experiment Videos

The renal cell primary cilium functions as a flow sensor.

Helle A Praetorius1, Kenneth R Spring

  • 1Center for Salt and Water Research, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark. helle.praetorius@iekf.au.dk

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|August 16, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The renal primary cilium acts as a crucial flow sensor in kidney cells. This mechanically sensitive organelle, involving polycystin proteins, is vital for kidney function and implicated in polycystic kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The primary cilium is a solitary organelle found on most mammalian epithelial cells, including those in the kidney.
  • Its specific functions in renal physiology have been an area of recent investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the function and significance of the renal primary cilium.
  • To highlight its role as a mechanosensor in kidney epithelial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of recent reports and experimental findings.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms in cultured renal epithelial cells (MDCK and mouse collecting tubule).

Main Results:

  • The primary cilium functions as a flow sensor, increasing intracellular calcium concentration in response to fluid flow.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Polycystin 1 and 2 proteins within the cilium are critical for this flow-sensing mechanism.
  • Ciliary function is linked to flow-dependent potassium secretion and sensing of luminal chemical stimuli.

    • Conclusions:

    • The renal primary cilium is a mechanically sensitive organelle that acts as a critical flow sensor.
    • Mechanical bending or fluid flow through the cilium triggers a significant increase in intracellular calcium.
    • Polycystins are identified as the key mechanically sensitive proteins within the primary cilium, with defects linked to polycystic kidney disease.