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Intestinal localization of anisakiasis manifested as acute abdomen
P Caramello1, A Vitali, F Canta
1Infectious Diseases Unit 'A', Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia, C.so Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy. caramello@cdfound.to.it
Summary
Anisakis infection causes gastrointestinal issues through allergic reactions or direct tissue invasion, often leading to misdiagnosed acute abdomen. Microscopic analysis confirmed Anisakis larvae in a case of terminal ileum involvement after raw fish consumption.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Parasitology
- Pathology
Background:
- Anisakis infection pathology stems from allergic reactions and direct tissue damage.
- Anisakiasis is an underdiagnosed cause of acute abdomen, frequently mistaken for surgical emergencies.
- Diagnosis is often incidental during other investigations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of acute abdomen caused by Anisakis infection in the terminal ileum.
- To review current diagnostic methods, clinical presentations, and therapeutic options for Anisakiasis.
Main Methods:
- Case report of acute abdomen.
- Microscopic examination of resected ileum segment.
- Literature review on Anisakis diagnosis and management.
Main Results:
- Histopathologic findings confirmed Anisakis larvae in the terminal ileum.
- The patient had a history of raw fish ingestion.
- Anisakiasis remains a diagnostic challenge, often requiring surgical intervention for definitive diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Anisakiasis should be considered in cases of acute abdomen, especially with a history of raw fish consumption.
- Improved diagnostic tools and clinical awareness are crucial for timely Anisakiasis diagnosis and treatment.
- This case highlights the importance of histopathology in identifying Anisakis infection.