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The DNA Helix

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DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

The DNA Helix

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...

DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

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Nylon/DNA: Single-stranded DNA with a covalently stitched nylon lining.

Lei Zhu¹, Philip S Lukeman, James W Canary

¹Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|August 21, 2003

Summary

Researchers developed DNA/nylon ladder oligomers for advanced molecular structures. This DNA nanotechnology enables novel topological objects and networks, with potential applications in antisense therapies.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Organic Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Oligonucleotides (ODNs) are crucial in molecular biology and nanotechnology.
Developing novel structures like DNA/nylon ladder oligomers is key for advanced applications.
DNA nanotechnology offers versatile platforms for constructing complex molecular architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the synthesis of novel DNA/nylon ladder oligomers.
To establish protocols for modified ODNs and amide bond formation.
To explore the potential of these structures in DNA nanotechnology and therapeutic areas.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of 2'-beta-substituted phosphoramidites.
Development of deprotection/purification protocols for amino and carboxyl group-modified ODNs.
Amide bond-forming reactions on ODNs for ladder structure assembly.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of DNA/nylon ladder oligomers.
Established protocols for handling modified ODNs and performing coupling reactions.
Demonstrated a novel DNA-based ladder oligomer structure.

Conclusions:

The developed technology provides a pathway for synthesizing topological molecular objects and networks.
DNA-based ladder oligomers are a novel structure with potential in DNA nanotechnology.
These oligomers show promise for applications in the antisense field.