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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
Published on: February 8, 2022
Patent foramen ovale causing refractory hypoxemia after off-pump coronary artery bypass: a case report
Imad Tabry1, Luis Villanueva, Edward Walker
1Department of Surgery and Medicine, Sections of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. itabry@bellsouth.net
Abstract:
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is not uncommon in the adult population undergoing cardiac surgery. Although usually innocent, PFO can cause severe hypoxemia, which can be reversed only by surgical or interventional interruption of the interatrial right-to-left shunt. Such a case is presented, and the diagnosis and pathophysiology are discussed.
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