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A retrospective hospital-based study on congenital hypothyroidism in the Sultanate of Oman

H A Al Shaikh1, B Bappal, R Nair

  • 1Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolic Unit, Royal Hospital, Sultanate of Oman. alqubtan@yahoo.com

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|August 22, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) through neonatal screening significantly improves intellectual outcomes in Omani children. Delayed clinical diagnosis is linked to lower IQ scores, highlighting the need for a national screening program.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a treatable condition.
  • Early detection is crucial for optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • The need for a national screening program in Oman for CH is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate missed cases of CH in Omani children annually.
  • To compare intellectual outcomes between screen-detected and clinically-diagnosed CH.
  • To advocate for a national neonatal screening program in Oman.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 45 Omani children with CH.
  • Comparison of diagnostic age between neonatal screening (Group A) and clinical diagnosis (Group B).
  • Intellectual assessment (IQ) for both groups.

Main Results:

  • Group A (screening): 14 children, diagnosed at 2.3 ± 0.8 months.
  • Group B (clinical): 31 children, diagnosed at 9.8 ± 2.5 months.
  • Normal IQ: 67% in Group A vs. 15% in Group B.

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal screening for CH leads to significantly better intellectual outcomes.
  • Delayed diagnosis of CH negatively impacts cognitive development.
  • A national screening program is essential for Omani children.

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