Water and sodium disorders in children undergoing surgical treatment of brain tumors

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Paravee Hiranrat1, Pisut Katavetin, Vichit Supornsilchai

  • 1Endocrine unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet
|August 22, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Water and sodium disorders like diabetes insipidus (DI) and SIADH are common in children with brain tumors, often appearing within 24 hours post-surgery. Tumor location influences the type of disorder, with sellar/suprasellar tumors linked to DI and hemisphere/posterior fossa tumors to SIADH.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric neurosurgery
  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Children with brain tumors frequently experience water and sodium balance issues, including diabetes insipidus (DI), SIADH, and CSW.
  • Limited data exists on the incidence, timing, and clinical course of these disorders in pediatric brain tumor patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the incidence, onset, and clinical course of water and sodium disorders in children undergoing surgical treatment for brain tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for pediatric brain tumor patients who underwent surgery.
  • Study period: January 1997 to December 2002.
  • Location: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital.

Main Results:

  • Water and sodium disorders occurred in 45.57% of 79 patients.
  • Diabetes insipidus (DI) affected 23 patients, SIADH 12, and CSW 1.
  • Tumor location correlated with disorder type: sellar/suprasellar tumors with DI (75.86%), cerebral hemisphere tumors with SIADH (44.44%).
  • Post-operative DI onset averaged 9.68 hours, with SIADH typically developing within 24 hours.

Conclusions:

  • DI and SIADH are frequent complications in pediatric brain tumor patients post-surgery.
  • Onset of these disorders typically occurs within 24 hours after surgical intervention.
  • Specific tumor locations predict the likelihood of DI (sellar/suprasellar) or SIADH (cerebral hemispheres, posterior fossa).
Abstract

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