Surrogate endpoints in Parkinson's disease research
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Updated: Sep 20, 2026

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: July 24, 2019
Kevin M Biglan1, Robert G Holloway
1Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, 1351 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA. kevin.biglan@ctcc.rochester.edu
Abstract:
Biomarkers are important tools in understanding the underlying mechanisms of causation, progression, and treatment effects in Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, these biomarkers may be utilized as surrogate endpoints that, when used appropriately, can lead to important advances in therapeutics in a timely and cost-effective manner. This paper outlines the definition, role, validity process, and risks associated with surrogate endpoints. The use of biomarkers in recent PD clinical trials is discussed and potential shortcomings and unanswered questions related to interpreting these outcomes are reviewed. Finally, the significant challenges that lie ahead for validating and interpreting surrogate endpoints in PD are addressed.
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