Life course turning points: the effect of grade retention on physical aggression
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Published on: January 24, 2025
Daniel S Nagin1, Linda Pagani, Richard E Tremblay
1Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. dn03@andrew.cmu.edu
Abstract:
Our objective is to advance the life course analytical framework by demonstrating a model for testing two of its tenets. The first is whether the individual's developmental history conditions the response to a turning point event. The second is whether the influence of a major life event upon an individual's developmental course depends upon the timing of the event. We test both propositions in an analysis of the effect of grade retention on a child's trajectory of physical aggression. Our analysis is based on data from a longitudinal study of 1,037 boysfrom schools in the lowest socioeconomic areas in Montreal, Canada. We find clear evidence that a developmental history of physical aggression conditions the child's response to grade retention. The evidence on whether the timing of retention affects this response is less clear.
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