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Related Experiment Videos

Soil mixing to decrease surface stratification of phosphorus in manured soils.

Andrew N Sharpley1

  • 1USDA-ARS, Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, Building 3702, Curtin Road, University Park, PA 16802-3702, USA. ans3@psu.edu

Journal of Environmental Quality
|August 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Plowing stratified phosphorus (P) rich soils can significantly reduce P loss in runoff. This study shows that redistributing surface P into the soil profile via plowing decreases overland flow P concentrations, especially dissolved P, provided erosion is controlled.

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Area of Science:

  • Soil Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Agronomy

Background:

  • Long-term fertilizer and manure application to grasslands and no-till systems causes phosphorus (P) accumulation in surface soils.
  • Surface P stratification increases the risk of P loss through overland flow, contributing to water pollution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of plowing in redistributing stratified P within the soil profile.
  • To evaluate the impact of plowing on P loss in overland flow from P-enriched soils.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of mixed surface and subsoil samples from long-term manured soils to determine P redistribution.
  • Field study involving chisel plowing a P-stratified soil and measuring P concentrations in overland flow before and after plowing.

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Main Results:

  • Incubation showed a 66-90% decrease in Mehlich-3 P, indicating effective P redistribution.
  • Field study demonstrated a reduction in total P concentration from 3.4 to 1.79 mg L(-1) and dissolved P from 2.9 to 0.3 mg L(-1) after plowing and establishing vegetation.

Conclusions:

  • Plowing P-stratified soils is a viable strategy to decrease P loss in overland flow.
  • Minimizing plowing-induced erosion is crucial for maximizing the benefits of this P management technique.