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Related Experiment Videos

Nuclear mRNA export: insights from virology.

Bryan R Cullen1

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. culle002@mc.duke.edu

Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|August 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Viruses hijack cellular machinery to selectively export their own genetic material (mRNA) from the nucleus, aiding viral replication. This process involves viral proteins interacting with key nuclear export factors like Crm1 and Tap.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Viruses require efficient production of progeny virions for replication.
  • Selective nuclear export of viral mRNA is crucial for maximizing progeny virion production.
  • Some viruses inhibit cellular mRNA export to favor viral RNA export.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To understand the mechanisms viruses use for selective nuclear mRNA export.
  • To identify cellular nuclear export factors targeted by viral proteins and RNA elements.
  • To gain insights into the selection process of mRNAs for nuclear export.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of viral regulatory proteins and cis-acting RNA elements.
  • Investigation of interactions between viral components and cellular nuclear export factors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of mRNA export pathways in virus-infected cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified Crm1 (Chromosome Region Maintenance 1) as an essential human nuclear RNA-export factor.
    • Identified Tap (The Alternative Pathway) as another essential human nuclear RNA-export factor.
    • Demonstrated that viral proteins and RNA elements selectively interact with these export factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Viruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to manipulate host cell nuclear export machinery.
    • Crm1 and Tap are critical cellular targets exploited by viruses for efficient viral mRNA export.
    • Understanding these interactions provides fundamental insights into mRNA export regulation and viral pathogenesis.