[Allogenic bone marrow transplantation after reduced intensity conditioning regimens in therapy of patients with hemoblastoses]

To investigate effectiveness of allogenic transplantation of the bone marrow (TBM) in the treatment of hemoblastosis patients from a high risk group, the course of donor bone marrow retention, tolerance and antitumor activity of this therapy.

11 patients received TBM in low-intensity regimen in Hematological Research Center in 1999-2001. All the patients were from a high risk group. Conditioning was based on the combination of fludarabin with busulfan. The transplanted precursor cells were taken from the bone marrow and/or peripheral donor blood. The retention was controlled by differential agglutination of erythrocytes and amplification of hypervariable sites of DNA. Minimal residual disease was controlled by standard cytogenetical tests, fluorescent in situ hybridization or reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

All the patients tolerated pretransplantation conditioning well. By chimerism, signs of retention of donor bone marrow on day +30 after TBM were observed in 9 patients of 11. Acute graft versus host reaction developed in 5 patients. This reaction was treated conventionally with methylprednisone and cyclosporin A, in 4 cases with a good effect. A complete remission persists in 5 patients. Mean follow-up lasted for 241 days.

Thus, transplantation was successful in 50% patients with an unfavourable prognosis who are still in a complete remission. This suggests efficacy of the above method of treatment.