Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws: a clinical and radiologic study

The purpose of this study is to present the clinical and radiological features of 27 cases of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws.

This study was carried out on 27 cases diagnosed as CGCG, ranging in age from 8 to 70 years. The patient's age, sex, location of the lesion, expansion caused by the lesion, and greatest diameter were evaluated. Radiographs and radiological descriptions were studied for the features of border definition, radiopacity, locularity, root resorption, tooth displacement, and tooth association. Data were analyzed with Chi square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U-test, and the Student t-test.

It was determined 89% of CGCG occurred prior to the age of 40. Seventy-eight percent of the cases were females. In addition, it was observed that these lesions occurred primarily in the mandible mostly anterior to the molar region. It was determined most of the lesions were multilocular. Unilocular lesions averaged 23.75 mm and multilocular lesions were 53.00 mm. In 24 (89%) cases regular borders were seen, and in three cases diffuse borders were observed. There was bone expansion in 44% of the cases. The cases with bone expansion were 60.00 mm in average size, and the cases without bone expansion were 24.00 mm in average size. Seventy-eight percent of lesions were associated with teeth, and there was tooth displacement in 43% of these lesions. The lesions with tooth displacement were 18.33 mm in average size, and the lesions without tooth displacement were 44.00 mm in average size.

It was determined there is a significant correlation between the locularity, tooth displacement, and bone expansion with the size of the CGCG.