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Related Experiment Videos

Technical note: detection and adjustment of abnormal test-day yields.

G R Wiggans1, P M VanRaden, J C Philpot

  • 1Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA. wiggans@aipl.arsusda.gov

Journal of Dairy Science
|August 27, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A new method accurately identifies and adjusts abnormal milk, fat, and protein yields on test-day (TD) records. This outlier adjustment improves the correlation between consecutive lactation yields for dairy cows.

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Area of Science:

  • Dairy Science
  • Animal Breeding and Genetics
  • Data Analysis in Livestock

Background:

  • Accurate estimation of milk, fat, and protein yields is crucial for dairy herd management and genetic evaluations.
  • Abnormal test-day (TD) yields can significantly skew lactation performance and breeding value calculations.
  • Existing methods may not adequately address the detection and correction of extreme yield variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a robust method for detecting and adjusting or excluding abnormal milk, fat, and protein yields on test-day.
  • To improve the accuracy of lactation yield calculations by implementing outlier adjustments.
  • To enhance the reliability of data used in dairy cattle breeding and management.

Main Methods:

  • Predicted TD yield calculated using preceding and subsequent TD yields, considering days in milk (DIM) and lactation stage.

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  • Abnormal yields defined as <60% or >150% of predicted TD yield, with specific exclusion criteria for sick cows or extreme deviations.
  • Adjustment of most abnormal yields to a floor or ceiling, with exclusion of certain outliers; herd means used for single or abnormal TD records.

    • Main Results:

    • Application to 2002 data showed 1.6-2.4% of yields were outside the acceptance range.
    • The outlier adjustment method increased the correlation between consecutive lactation yields for milk (0.692 to 0.693), fat (0.653 to 0.660), and protein (0.686 to 0.694).
    • The procedure is routinely applied to TD records for calvings since 1997.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method effectively identifies and adjusts abnormal test-day yields in dairy cattle.
    • Outlier adjustment significantly improves the predictive accuracy and consistency of lactation yield data.
    • This refined data processing enhances the foundation for accurate dairy herd performance evaluation and genetic selection.