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Association of nasomaxillary asymmetry in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate and their parents.

Young-Jooh Yoon1, Marja R Perkiomaki, Ross H Tallents

  • 1Eastman Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14620, USA.

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal : Official Publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
|August 29, 2003
PubMed
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Parental craniofacial asymmetry, specifically unilateral increased nasomaxillary width, is linked to the development of cleft lip and palate (UCLP) in children. This suggests a genetic role for craniofacial form in cleft etiology.

Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial genetics
  • Developmental biology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Previous research suggests a link between midfacial width and palatal clefting.
  • Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) presents with significant craniofacial asymmetry.
  • Genetic factors are implicated in the etiology of cleft lip and palate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between parental transverse craniofacial asymmetry and asymmetry in children with UCLP.
  • To determine if parental craniofacial asymmetry is a risk factor for UCLP development.
  • To explore the role of genetic inheritance in craniofacial form related to clefting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study design.
  • Inclusion of 64 child-parent sets (32 families with UCLP).

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  • Analysis of posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs from Costa Rican families.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant association found between the side of parental nasal asymmetry and the side of the cleft in offspring.
    • Parents of children with left UCLP showed larger left nasal width.
    • Parents of children with right UCLP exhibited larger right nasal width.

    Conclusions:

    • Unilaterally increased nasomaxillary width in parents may be a key factor in the development of ipsilateral palatal clefting.
    • Craniofacial form appears to be a significant genetic etiologic factor in clefting.
    • Understanding craniofacial form's role aids in assessing cleft lip and palate risk.