[One case of abdominal actinomycosis in a malagasy child]

Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare and unrecognised disease. It is a chronic granulomatous suppurating infection caused by bacterial infection. The symptomatology is not specific including a tumour like abdominal lesion fistulized to the skin with issue of characteristic yellow granules. We report a case of a 12-year old boy with an abdominal mass fistulized to the navel in whom surgical treatment needs large resection of the tumour, resection anastomosis of the ileum and temporary colostomy. The diagnosis of actinomycosis was made by histolopathological study of the surgical specimen. This case demonstrates the difficulty to make a pre-operative diagnosis. To improve the prognosis, actinomycosis needs early diagnosis and should be included in the differential diagnosis of infiltrative neoplasic abdominal masses apparently.