[Multifocal and monofocal implant. Comparative functional results (contrast sensitivity and dynamic visual acuity)]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Visual Optics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are crucial for vision restoration after cataract surgery.
• Multifocal IOLs aim to provide vision at multiple distances, but their performance compared to monofocal IOLs requires detailed evaluation.
• Standardized visual tests are essential for comparing IOL functional outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the functional visual performance of multifocal (3 M design) and monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).
• To assess contrast sensitivity and dynamic visual acuity in patients implanted with different IOL types.
• To re-evaluate the clinical indications for multifocal IOLs based on comparative functional data.

Main Methods:

• Functional results, including contrast sensitivity and dynamic visual acuity, were assessed in 19 eyes with multifocal IOLs and 14 eyes with monofocal IOLs.
• Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was confirmed to be at least 8/10 (decimal).
• Comparative analysis was performed under standard vision conditions (low contrast, low illumination).

Main Results:

• Significant differences in functional performance favored monofocal IOLs under standard conditions.
• Monofocal IOLs demonstrated superior contrast sensitivity and dynamic visual acuity.
• Dynamic visual acuity proved effective in differentiating the performance between the two IOL models.

Conclusions:

• Monofocal IOLs offer better functional vision, particularly in low contrast and illumination, compared to the studied multifocal IOLs.
• The study highlights the limitations of current multifocal IOL designs in certain visual conditions.
• Clinical decision-making regarding multifocal IOL implantation should consider these functional performance differences.