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cDNA profiling in leukocytes exposed to hypertonic resuscitation fluids
Vadim Gushchin1, Hasan B Alam, Peter Rhee
1Department of Surgery, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Journal of the American College of Surgeons
|August 30, 2003
Summary
Hypertonic saline Dextran (HTD) and hypertonic saline (HTS) reduce immune gene expression in leukocytes. The hypertonic component of HTD dictates the leukocyte gene expression profile, dampening inflammatory responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Resuscitation Medicine
Background:
- Resuscitative fluids significantly alter leukocyte function.
- Colloid Dextran enhances reactive oxygen species production and adhesion.
- Hypertonic saline (HTS) inhibits oxidative burst and phagocytosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of resuscitative fluids on leukocyte gene expression.
- To determine if hypertonic components influence gene expression profiles.
- To compare gene expression changes induced by Dextran-70, HTS, and hypertonic saline Dextran (HTD).
Main Methods:
- Whole blood from volunteers was incubated with Dextran-70, HTS, and HTD.
- Leukocyte RNA was extracted and used for cDNA probe synthesis.
- cDNA arrays measured the expression of 23 genes related to inflammation, migration, and apoptosis.
Main Results:
- Dextran-70 significantly upregulated genes like interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
- HTS showed minimal impact on gene expression compared to unstimulated blood.
- HTD attenuated Dextran-70-induced gene upregulation, with expression levels higher than HTS alone.
Conclusions:
- Hypertonic resuscitation fluids decrease the expression of immune activation genes.
- The hypertonic component in HTD is the primary determinant of leukocyte gene expression profiles.
- HTD modulates leukocyte gene expression differently than Dextran-70 or HTS alone.