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[Menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock is still a reality]
1Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076 Bordeaux.
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|September 2, 2003
Summary
Menstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is rare but severe, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus producing TSST-1 toxin. Early diagnosis and toxin identification are crucial for successful treatment and preventing relapses like staphylococcal scarlet fever.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Toxicology
Background:
- Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) presents with specific clinical and biological criteria, yet diagnosis can be challenging.
- While non-menstrual TSS is more common, the potential severity of menstrual TSS necessitates awareness.
- The incidence of menstrual TSS is low, but its serious nature warrants recognition.
Observation:
- Two cases of menstrual TSS in a 14-year-old girl and a 33-year-old woman were successfully treated.
- The second patient experienced a relapse presenting as staphylococcal scarlet fever.
- Both patients were infected with Staphylococcus aureus strains producing the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1).
Findings:
- Staphylococcus aureus strains producing TSST-1 were identified in both menstrual toxic shock syndrome cases.
- A relapse of staphylococcal scarlet fever occurred in one patient, highlighting potential complications.
- Successful treatment was achieved for both initial presentations of menstrual TSS.
Implications:
- Menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome remains a possibility and requires clinical vigilance.
- The diverse clinical and biological presentations of TSS underscore the need for broad diagnostic considerations.
- Testing for the presence of staphylococcal toxins should be performed in specialized centers for accurate diagnosis and management.