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Polyarteritis nodosa in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
B F Porter1, P Frost, G B Hubbard
1Southwest National Primate Research Center/Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P. O. Box 760549, San Antonio, TX 78245-0549, USA.
Veterinary Pathology
|September 2, 2003
Summary
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), a rare vasculitis, was diagnosed in a cynomolgus macaque. This case highlights PAN
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Immunology
- Primate Medicine
Background:
- Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is an idiopathic necrotizing vasculitis affecting small- to medium-sized arteries.
- PAN is recognized in humans, with similar syndromes reported in other species.
Observation:
- A case of PAN is described in a 6-year-old male cynomolgus macaque.
- The macaque exhibited necrotizing arteritis in multiple organs, including the kidney, intestines, heart, spleen, and pancreas.
- Lesions were segmental, varied in severity, and showed transmural inflammation with fibrinoid necrosis.
Findings:
- Immunohistochemical staining revealed T lymphocytes and histiocytes as major infiltrating cells.
- These findings suggest a cell-mediated immune response in the pathogenesis of PAN in this primate.
Implications:
- This case contributes to understanding PAN in non-human primates.
- It underscores the importance of considering immune-mediated vasculitis in macaques with relevant clinical signs.
- Further research into the pathogenesis of PAN in non-human primates may inform human disease understanding.