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DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens.

Yvette van Kooyk1, Teunis B H Geijtenbeek

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, v.d. Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Y.vankooyk@vumc.nl

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|September 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pathogens like HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploit dendritic cell (DC)-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) to evade immune responses. By hijacking DC-SIGN, these pathogens disrupt normal immune signaling and antigen processing, aiding their survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune sentinels that recognize pathogens via receptors like Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectins.
  • DC-SIGN (DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin) is a critical C-type lectin on DCs involved in pathogen recognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how certain pathogens, including HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, subvert dendritic cell functions.
  • To understand the specific mechanisms by which pathogens target and misuse DC-SIGN to escape immune surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of pathogen interactions with dendritic cells.
  • Investigation of C-type lectin DC-SIGN function in immune evasion.
  • Examination of pathogen-induced alterations in TLR signaling and antigen processing.

Main Results:

  • Pathogens like HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis specifically target DC-SIGN on dendritic cells.
  • These pathogens employ distinct strategies to misuse DC-SIGN, either bypassing antigen processing or altering TLR-mediated signaling.
  • The subversion of DC-SIGN function by pathogens leads to skewed T-cell responses.

Conclusions:

  • Pathogen adaptation to target DC-SIGN is a critical mechanism for immune evasion.
  • Misuse of DC-SIGN by pathogens supports their survival and persistence within the host.
  • Targeting DC-SIGN represents a common strategy for diverse pathogens to compromise host immunity.