Abnormal dissolutions of chlorpromazine hydrochloride tablets in water by paddle method under a high agitation...

All sugar-coated tablets of chlorpromazine hydrochloride except for those produced by one manufacture showed concave dissolution profiles in water by paddle method at 100 rpm but not at 50 rpm. The study was undertaken to clarify the agitation-dependent abnormal dissolutions. The strange dissolutions were also observed in water at different ionic strengths but not in buffer solutions of pH 1.2, 4.0 and 6.8. When monitored, the pH's of water in dissolution vessels for the abnormal tablets increased with time at 100 rpm and some of them exceeded pH 8 but did not at 50 rpm. The solubility of chlorpromazine hydrochloride decreased with the increase of pH which was too low to dissolve the whole amount of drug contained in a tablet at pH 8. The elevation of pH seemed to be mainly brought about by dissolution of calcium carbonate popularly used for sugar-coated tablets, because larger amount of calcium ion was dissolved out from the abnormal tablets at 100 rpm than from a normal tablet and from them at 50 rpm. These findings indicate that the concave dissolution profiles should be caused by the decrease of drug solubility with increase in pH of water, probably because of dissolution of calcium carbonate. We should pay attention to the change in pH of water which may differ depending on the agitation speed of dissolution tests.