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Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
07:21

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment

Published on: June 23, 2019

Hospitalization for community-acquired pneumonia in Alberta patients with human immunodeficiency virus infections: a

David H Johnson1, Keumhee C Carriere, Stan Houston

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton. cujecjohnson@shaw.ca

Canadian Respiratory Journal
|September 4, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Outcomes for community-acquired pneumonia were worse in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared to HIV-negative individuals. However, mortality rates for HIV (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) patients significantly declined over the study period.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumonia outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals compared to HIV-negative individuals were investigated.
  • Understanding disparities in pneumonia care is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if outcomes of pneumonia differ between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients.
  • To analyze mortality trends and length of hospital stay for pneumonia patients with and without HIV.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzing Alberta hospital patient abstracts from 1994-1999.
  • HIV-positive pneumonia patients were matched by age and sex with four HIV-negative controls.
  • Data included length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and one-year mortality.

Main Results:

  • HIV (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS]) patients had 3x higher odds of longer hospital stays and 3x & 10x higher odds of in-hospital & one-year mortality, respectively.
  • HIV (non-AIDS) patients had 2x higher odds of longer hospital stays and 4x higher odds of one-year mortality.
  • In-hospital and one-year mortality for HIV (AIDS) patients decreased from 21.2%/64.3% to 8.7%/40.7% over the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Community-acquired pneumonia outcomes were worse for both HIV (non-AIDS) and HIV (AIDS) patients compared to matched HIV-negative patients.
  • Mortality rates for HIV (AIDS) patients demonstrated a significant decline during the study.
  • Despite improvements, HIV-positive patients faced worse pneumonia outcomes, highlighting the need for continued medical advancements and care.
Abstract

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