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Summary
Azerbaijan faces environmental challenges like Caspian Sea contamination and pollution, stemming from its Soviet past. Sustainable environmental protection requires education, democratic growth, and economic development for a stronger environmental conscience.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Ecology
- Environmental Policy
Background:
- Post-Soviet environmental conditions in Azerbaijan inherited from the USSR.
- Environmental degradation in key areas such as the Caspian Sea and industrial zones like Sumgait.
- Dependence on international funding for environmental projects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess current environmental conditions in Azerbaijan.
- To identify major environmental problems and their root causes.
- To explore factors influencing the development of environmental consciousness and protection.
Main Methods:
- Review of environmental conditions and challenges.
- Analysis of factors impacting environmental protection and consciousness.
- Examination of legal and constitutional frameworks for environmental care.
Main Results:
- Significant environmental issues include Caspian Sea contamination, Sumgait pollution (air, water, soil), illegal fishing, poor drinking water quality, deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, and salinization.
- Progress is hindered by poverty and the government's low environmental priority.
- Positive developments include environmental protection clauses in the Constitution and laws, and advocacy by individuals.
Conclusions:
- Sustained environmental protection in Azerbaijan hinges on environmental education, democratic development, and economic growth fostering a middle class.
- Overcoming poverty and increasing governmental environmental prioritization are crucial.
- A strong environmental conscience is vital for long-term ecological sustainability.