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Diagnostic testing in fecal incontinence.

Anjana Kumar1, Satish S C Rao

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology/ Hepatology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 4612 JCP 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. satish-rao@uiowa.edu

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|September 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Fecal incontinence diagnosis uses various tests to assess anal sphincter function and rectal activity. These evaluations help determine causes and guide treatment for improved quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Pelvic Floor Disorders

Background:

  • Fecal incontinence is a prevalent condition, particularly affecting women and older adults, significantly diminishing quality of life.
  • The condition is frequently multifactorial, necessitating comprehensive diagnostic approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic methods for fecal incontinence.
  • To discuss the role of these tests in guiding therapy and assessing treatment effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Anorectal manometry
  • Anal endosonography
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Pudendal nerve latency testing
  • Electromyography (EMG)

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Main Results:

  • These diagnostic tools provide crucial morphologic and physiologic data on anal sphincters, rectal function, compliance, and reflexes.
  • The gathered information aids in elucidating the pathophysiology of fecal incontinence.
  • Current data do not include cost-effectiveness analyses of diagnostic testing.

Conclusions:

  • Diagnostic testing is essential for understanding fecal incontinence and directing appropriate medical, surgical, or biofeedback interventions.
  • Ongoing research focuses on newer electrophysiologic and imaging techniques for anorectal assessment.