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[Thoracic lymphoma and AIDS].

M Zompatori1, R Canini, G Gavelli

  • 1Istituto di Radiologia, Università-Policlino S-Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna.

Journal De Radiologie
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
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This study observed 20 cases of thoracic lymphoma in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Atypical radiological findings, including nodular forms and peripheral masses, are suggestive of lymphoma in AIDS (LDS).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with an increased risk of neoplasms due to immunosuppression.
  • Improvements in opportunistic infection control have led to a rise in AIDS-related cancers.
  • Thoracic lymphomas are a significant concern in the management of AIDS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the prevalence and radiological characteristics of thoracic lymphomas in patients with AIDS.
  • To compare the imaging findings of lymphoma in AIDS with classical lymphoma presentations.
  • To evaluate the utility of CT scans in diagnosing pulmonary lymphoma in AIDS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 20 cases of thoracic lymphoma in AIDS patients over 4 years.

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  • Review of radiological appearances, including plain radiography and CT scans.
  • Correlation of imaging findings with histopathological diagnoses.

    • Main Results:

    • 18 out of 20 cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, predominantly high-grade (16 cases).
    • 25% of lymphomas presented with thoracic lesions, often as the initial site.
    • Radiological findings were atypical, featuring predominantly nodular forms (60%) and peripheral masses with thoracic wall invasion.

    Conclusions:

    • Thoracic lymphoma in AIDS (LDS) exhibits distinct radiological features compared to the general population.
    • CT imaging is superior to plain radiography in detecting bilateral pulmonary lesions.
    • Atypical imaging findings in HIV-positive patients should raise suspicion for LDS, guiding appropriate biopsy site selection.