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Agents ameliorating or augmenting experimental gentamicin nephrotoxicity: some recent research.
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 10158 Buraydah, Al Gaseem 81999, Saudi Arabia. alibadreldin@hotmail.com
Summary
Gentamicin (GM) antibiotic can harm kidneys. Antioxidants like vitamins, melatonin, and certain drugs can protect against this gentamicin nephrotoxicity, while other drugs may worsen it.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Gentamicin (GM) is a crucial antibiotic for severe infections.
- GM's significant nephrotoxicity necessitates strategies to mitigate kidney damage.
- Research over the past decade has focused on agents affecting GM nephrotoxicity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review literature on agents that reduce or enhance gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
- To identify key classes of compounds with protective or detrimental effects on kidney function during GM treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies published in the last decade.
- Analysis of agents reported to ameliorate or augment gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
Main Results:
- Antioxidant agents, including beta-blockers (carvedilol), superoxide dismutase mimetics (M40403), melatonin, deferrioxamine, vitamins C and E, and garlic, show ameliorating effects.
- Other protective agents include ceftriaxone and trapidil.
- Agents like cyclosporin and verapamil may augment GM nephrotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- Various agents, particularly antioxidants, can protect against gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
- Understanding these interactions is vital for optimizing gentamicin therapy and patient outcomes.
- Further research into protective mechanisms and clinical application is warranted.