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Hippocampal modulation of sensorimotor processes.

Tobias Bast1, Joram Feldon

  • 1Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, CH 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland. t.bast@ed.ac.uk

Progress in Neurobiology
|September 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The hippocampus modulates sensorimotor functions like locomotion and startle reflexes. Aberrant hippocampal function may contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly psychosis, by affecting these processes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology

Background:

  • The hippocampus is crucial for memory but also linked to sensorimotor processes.
  • Hippocampal dysfunction is implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases like schizophrenia and anxiety disorders, characterized by sensory processing deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the hippocampal modulation of locomotor activity, prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, and the startle reflex itself in rats.
  • To discuss findings from studies using pharmacological manipulations of the dorsal and ventral hippocampus via local drug microinfusions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of studies involving local drug microinfusions into the dorsal and ventral hippocampus in rats.
  • Comparison of microinfusion data with findings from previous hippocampal lesion studies.

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Main Results:

  • Microinfusion studies confirm the hippocampus directly influences locomotor activity, PPI, and startle reactivity.
  • These findings provide detailed insights into the hippocampus's role, refining previous notions based on lesion studies.
  • The modulation of sensorimotor processes by the hippocampus appears to involve multiple distinct operations.

Conclusions:

  • Aberrant hippocampal function can contribute to neuropsychiatric diseases, especially psychosis, through altered sensorimotor processing.
  • The relationship between sensorimotor processes, hippocampal neurotransmission, and regional differences (dorsal vs. ventral) can be dissociated.
  • Hippocampal modulation of sensorimotor functions is complex, involving multiple mechanisms rather than a single unitary operation.